The Influence of Increased Fluid Intake in the Prevention of Urinary Stone Formation: a Systematic Review
ABSTRACT: to assess whether
the volume of fluid intake influence the prevention of urinary stone formation. Methods:
a systematic review from MEDLINE Electronic database was conducted. All of the
controlled trial (RCT), case-control, and cohort studies written in English
language were included in the study. Data analysis was performed to the design
of the study, volume of fluid intake (higher volume as experimental group and
lower volume as control group), and risk of stone formation. All of the
included studies were appraised using the Oxford Center for Evidence-based
Medicine appraisal tool for therapy (Randomized Controlled Trial) and level of
evidence. Results: our systematic review included fve studies (1 RCT and
case-control study in patients with history of urolithiasis, and 3 prospective
cohorts in patients without history of urolithiasis). Three studies increased
fluid intake to 2.5 Liters/day and one study to 2 Liters/day, while one other
study used the urine production target of 2 Liters/day. All of these studies
showed that increased fluid intake per day could decrease the risk of both
primary and secondary stone formation. Conclusion: stronger evidence are still
needed to conclude that increasing fluid intake could be utilized as a strategy
to prevent primary urolithiasis because of the lack of data from the clinical trials
supporting it. However, to prevent the recurrence of urolithiasis, increasing
fluid intake could be recommended with the urine volume target of more than
2,000 mL/day.
Author: Tommie Prasetyo, Ponco
Birowo, Nur Rasyid
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg130268
