Risk factors for hearing loss in neonates
Abstract: An estimated 6 of
1,000 children with live births suffer from permanent hearing loss at birth or
the neonatal period. At least 90% of cases occur in developing countries.
Hearing loss should be diagnosed as early as possible so that intervention can be
done before the age of 6 months. Objective To determine risk factors for
hearing loss in neonates.
Methods We performed a case-control study involving 100 neonates with and
without hearing loss who were born at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar from November
2012 to February 2013. Subjects were consisted of 2 groups, those with hearing loss
(case group of 50 subjects) and without hearing loss (control group of 50
subjects). The groups were matched for gender and birth weight. We assessed the
following risk factors for hearing loss: severe neonatal asphyxia,
hyperbilirubinemia, meningitis, history of aminoglycoside therapy, and
mechanical ventilation by Chi-square analysis. The results were presented as
odds ratio and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
Results Seventy percent of neonates with hearing loss had history of
aminoglycoside therapy. Multivariable analysis revealed that aminoglycoside
therapy of 14 days or more was a significant risk factor for hearing loss (OR
2.7; 95%CI 1.1 to 6.8; P=0.040). There were no statistically significant
associations between hearing loss and severe asphyxia, hyperbilirubinemia,
meningitis, or mechanical ventilation.
Author: Ni Luh Putu Maharani,
Ekawaty Lutfia Haksari, I Wayan Dharma Artana
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg150277
