Model and Effectiveness of Endurance Exercise to Increase Physical Fitness in Intellectual Disability Subjects with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT: to design a model
and assess the effectiveness of endurance exercise to increase physical ftness
in intelectual disability (ID) patients with obesity. Methods: a
randomized-controlled clinical trial was performed in ID patients with obesity
aged 10-30 years old from all Special School in DKI Jakarta, which were
randomly allocated into 3 groups and then given 3 different type of exercises:
lower extremity muscles endurance exercise for 20 RM followed by
cardiorespiratory endurance exercise for 24-25 minutes (type I), lower
extremity muscles endurance exercises for 10 RM followed by cardiorespiratory
endurance exercises for 26-27 minutes (type II), and threw a tennis ball with
10 m distance for 10 minutes as control (type III). These program was performed
3 times a week for 4 months. Assesment of the exercise effectiveness was done
by measuring maximum load that can be lifted and six-minutes walking test on
rectangular track which was converted with the VO2 max prediction formula.
Analysis was perfomed with Kruskal Wallis test. Results: two hundred and twelve
(212) subjects were included in the study, randomly allocated into three types
(I, II, and III) of exercises groups. The type II of endurance exercise model
was proved to be more effective in increasing lower extremity muscles endurance
level compared to type I and III for ID patients with obesity (p<0.05).
Meanwhile, type I of endurance exercise model was proved to be more effective
in increasing cardiorespiratory endurance level compared to type II and III for
ID patients with obesity (p<0.05). Conclusion: lower extremity muscles
endurance exercise followed by a cardiorespiratory endurance exercise can be
used to increase physical ftness in ID patients with obesity.
Key words: intelectual
disability patient, obesity, lower extremity muscles and cardiorespiratory
endurance exercise, lower extremity muscles endurance level, cardiorespiratory
endurance level
Author: Tirza Z. Tamin, F.H.
Idris, M. Mansyur, Sidartawan Soegondo
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg150249
