Low vitamin C intake increases risk of pre-eclampsia in high pesticide exposure area
Abstract: Pre-eclampsia is the
largest direct cause (42%) of maternal mortality death in Brebes district in
2013. The cause of pre-eclampsia is not known with certainty, oxidative stress
being one of its causes. The aim of this study was to determine macro- and
micronutrient intakes that do not correspond to the needs, as pre-eclampsia
risk factors in post-partum women.
The research was an observational study of case control design. Study
subjects were 20-35 year-old post partum women consisting of 55 cases
(pre-eclampsia) and 55 controls (non-pre-eclampsia). Nutrient intakes were
measured using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires and data on
levels of pesticide exposure, body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm
circumference (MUAC) and education were collected from structured interviews. Data
was analyzed by chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression.
There was no difference in age and MUAC between the cases and controls.
Low vitamin C intake (OR: 20.93; 95% CI: 2.72 – 161.36), high polyunsaturated
fatty acid intake (OR: 10.50; 95% CI: 2.47 – 44.57), and low vitamin E intake
(OR: 8.57; 95% CI: 2.07 – 35.46) were pre-eclampsia risk factors after
controled for pesticide exposure, BMI and education. Low vitamin C intake
played the most important role in the incidence of preeclampsia.
Low vitamin C intake played the most important role toward pre-eclampsia.
Greater caution is needed when issuing recommendations regarding the
consumption of vitamin supplements in pregnancy, as high doses of some vitamins
may be deleterious.
Author: Rifatul Masrikhiyah, Suhartono,
Martha Irene Kartasurya
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg160072