Host factors related to pneumonia in children under 5 years of age
Abstract: Background Pneumonia
has been one of the serious problems for children under five in Indonesia.
Imbalanced interactions among host factors, agents, and environments influence
incidence of pneumonia. Objective To determine the risks of the host related to
the incidence of pneumonia in children aged 3-59 months in Pediatrics
Department, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital during 2011-2012. Methods This was a
case control study on medical records of patients with respiratory infections
in Pediatrics Department, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. We grouped patients
with pneumonia as the case group and patients with other respiratory infections
as the control group. The data were statistically processed to calculate odds
ratios and P values. Results There were 326 subjects reviewed, 163 in the case
group and 163 in the control group. Host factors that increased the risk of
pneumonia were: low birth weight (OR=3.10; 95%CI 1.34 to 6.86), inadequate
exclusive breastfeeding (OR=1.7; 95%CI 1.09 to 2.64), malnutrition (OR=3.44;
95%CI 2.12 to 5.58) and incomplete immunization in a certain period of age
(OR=2.70; 95%CI 1.72 to 4.24). Existed comorbidity was unrelated to the incidence
of pneumonia (OR=1.53; 95%CI 0.86 to 2.71). Conclusion Low birth weight,
inadequate exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, and incomplete immunization
in a certain period of age increase the risk of pneumonia.
Author: Wiharjo Hadisuwarno,
Retno Asih Setyoningrum, Pirlina Umiastuti
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg150262