CARDIAC REHABILITATION ENHANCING PROGRAMS IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW
ABSTRACT: Cardiac
rehabilitation (CR) is a process that involves a multidisciplinary team of
health professionals in order to optimize the status of patients’ physical,
psychological, social, and vocational well being. The CR program has been
proven to influence health outcomes in patients with cardiac diseases,
particularly myocardial infarction (MI) and stable angina. However, patients’
compliance with cardiac rehabilitation programs remains a challenge.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review and identify
interventions that enhance cardiac rehabilitation behaviors in MI patients.
Method: A literature review was conducted by analyzing related research
reports published since 2000 to 2012. Only English language articles were
included.
Result: There were 10 experimental studies and 2 meta-analysis studies.
Interventions widely used to enhance cardiac rehabilitation behaviors in MI
patients were self-efficacy and self management derived programs. These
programs involved interventions that enhance cardiac rehabilitation behaviors,
including training exercise, behavioral change, education and psychological
support, and lifestyle changing strategies. None have reported the use of
culturally tailored intervention. Four phases of cardiac rehabilitation were
accepted as each phase represents a different aspect of care: inpatient care,
early post discharge period, exercise training, and long term follow up.
Critical factors for patients in maintaining an optimum health condition after
a cardiac event are, in order, status of patient’s physical, psychological,
social, and vocational well being.
Conclusion: Cardiac Rehabilitation program has been shown to improve
quality of life and decrease mortality in MI patients. The development of
culturally specific interventions to increase cardiac rehabilitation behaviors
will provide a significant improvement for cardiac patient’s care that
ultimately results in better health outcomes. Health care professionals should
be involved in CR programs in order to enhance patients’ performance in CR
behaviors; moreover, further study is also needed to examine the existing
intervention studies to improve the CR program.
Keywords: cardiac
rehabilitation, attendance, behaviors, outcomes, secondary prevention and
myocardial infarction (MI)
Author: Ahyana Ahyana,
Charuwan Kritpracha, Ploenpit Thaniwattananon
Journal Code: jpkeperawatangg130008