Blood pressure and lipid profiles in adolescents with hypertensive parents
Abstract: Adolescent
hypertension is a significant health problem of increasing prevalence and
causes high morbidity and mortality. It is found primarily in young males, with
a familial history of hypertension and/or cardiovascular disease. Examination
of lipid profiles has been used to detect the risk of hypertension in adolescents.
Objective To compare blood pressure and lipid profiles in adolescents
with and without a parental history of hypertension. Methods This
cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2012 on students
from a senior high school in the Toba Samosir District, North Sumatera.
Sixty-eight adolescents were included, aged 15 to 18 years. Group I comprised
34 adolescents with hypertensive parents, and group II comprised 34 adolescents
with normotensive parents. Subjects were selected based on questionnaires.
Subjects’ blood pressures were measured at rest. Three measurements were made
in intervals of 10-15 minutes, then averaged for both systolic and diastolic
blood pressures. Lipid profiles were measured using the CardioCheck cholesterol
test after subjects had fasted for 12 hours.
Results The median systolic blood pressures (SBP) in groups I and II were
110 mmHg (range 93.3-123.3) and 106.7 mmHg (range 96.7-123.3), respectively,
(P=0.584). The median diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were 73.3 mmHg (range
66.7-83.3) and 71.7 mmHg (range 63.3-80.0), respectively, (P=0.953). Total cholesterol
and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in group I were
significantly higher than those levels in group II[median total cholesterol:
162.0 (range 158-170) vs. 159.0 (range 150-170), respectively; (P=0.001); and
mean LDL-C: 103.5 (SD 3.72) vs. 99.1 (SD 4.63), respectively; (P=0.001).
Multivariate analysis revealed a correlation of moderate strength between parental
history of hypertension and increased LDL-C (P<0.001) in adolescents.
Conclusion Adolescents with and without familial history of hypertension
have no significant median blood pressure differences. However, adolescents
with hypertensive parents have significantly higher median total cholesterol
and mean LDL-C. Furthermore, we find a correlation between parental history of hypertension
and increased LDL-C in adolescents.
Author: Julia Fitriany, Rafita
Ramayati, Supriatmo, Rusdidjas, Oke Rina, Rosmayanti Siregar
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg150278
