Antiproliferative activity and caspase enhancement properties of Annona muricata leaves extract against colorectal cancer cells
Abstract: The prevalence of colorectal cancer is rising
in Asia including Indonesia. Annona muricata tea leaves, that is traditionally
used for maintaining health, and lately being used by cancer patients. The
objectives of this study is to investigate its effects in human colorectal
cancer cell in vitro and ex vivo.
Methods: Thirty patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were enrolled in a
randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. They were equally divided
into two groups: those treated with 300 mg A. muricata leaf extract and placebo
daily for 8 weeks. Serum from supplemented CRC patients of both groups was compared
for caspase 9 and caspase 8 enhancement activity. Antiproliferative effect of
water extract of A. muricata leaves and its fractions were evaluated against
colorectal cancer cell line (DLD-1 and COLO 205) compared with 5-fluorouracil
and placebo, the dose range was 62.5-2,000 µg/mL. Method used was
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Data
were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. The p value was set at 0.05.
Results: Ethanol-soluble fraction of A. muricata leaves extract water
extract (ESFAM) leaves extract had cytotoxicity effects on DLD-1 as well as
COLO 205 cell line, as shown by the lower IC50 compared to 5-fluorouracil and
placebo, 20.59 μg/mL and 654.9μg/mL, respectively. Serum of subjects
supplemented with extract significantly induced caspase 9 (p=0.001) activity of
DLD-1 colorectal cancer cell line, but not for caspase 8 activity (p=0.372).
Conclusion: The study's results suggest the cytotoxicity potential
of A. muricata leaves extract in in vitro and ex vivo studies.
Author: Lili Indrawati,
Purwantyastuti Ascobat, Budiman Bela, Murdani Abdullah, Ingrid S. Surono,
Suwijiyo Pramono
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg160157
