EFFECTIVE CACAO SOMATIC EMBRYO REGENERATION ON KINETIN SUPPLEMENTED DKW MEDIUM AND SOMACLONAL VARIATION ASSESSMENT USING SSRs MARKERS
Abstract: This study aimed to
develop the cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in vitro regeneration system through
somatic embryogenesis on kinetin supplemented DKW medium and somaclonal
variation assessment using SSR markers.
Callus were initiated from basal petal and staminoid explants cultured
on callus induction (CI) medium contained DKW basalt salts and kinetin:2,4-D
ratios of 1:15.5, 1:7.8 or 1:3.9 and
then transferred onto secondary callus growth (SCG) medium contained WPM basalt
salts and kinetin:2,4-D ratios of 1:7.8 or 1:3.9. The calli were then
subsequently transferred onto embryo development medium contained DKW basal
salts with or without the addition of amino acids, adenine or activated
charcoal for the formation of somatic embryos. Nine cacao genotypes were tested
for their ability to develop somatic
embryos. Results of this study indicated DKW medium supplemented with Kinetin
in combination with 2,4-D effectively induced cacao somatic embryogenesis. The
highest somatic embryos formation was abtained from kinetin:2,4-D ratio of
1:3.9 and 1:7.8 in CI and SCG medium respectively. Cacao genotype responses
were highly explant type dependent. The developed method resulted in a high
percentage of somatic embryo formation (5.6-66.7%), germination (50%) and plantlet conversion (65%) and a medium
percentage of somaclonal variations based on SSRs marker analysis.
Author: Nur Ajijah, Rr. Sri
Hartati, Rubiyo Rubiyo, Dewi Sukma, Sudarsono Sudarsono
Journal Code: jppertaniangg160021